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TOOLS FOR RBTI TESTING OF SALIVA AND FRESHLY VOIDED URINE
FIRST: study mass of urine with light to estimate cell debris...RECORD CELL DEBRIS  A flashlight to cast light through the sample is a must.  I use a jeweler's loupe and have no trouble seeing tiny particles swirling around.
Put one drop of saliva in well depressions D & E...  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
Put four drops of ammonia nitrogen reagent in well depression F...  A WARNING! While the UES is harmless, the nitrate and ammonia reagents are dangerous and caustic.  BE VERY CAREFUL.  Wash the outside of the bottles as the acid sometimes smears onto the outside.  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
Put six drops Universal Extracting Solution (UES) in test tube or nurse's pill dispenser cup...  A WARNING! While the UES is harmless, the nitrate and ammonia reagents are dangerous and caustic.  BE VERY CAREFUL.  Wash the outside of the bottles as the acid sometimes smears onto the outside.  Your ALT-Text here
Put one drop of urine in well depression A & B; one drop of urine in test tube (cup) and two drops of urine on refractometer prism...  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.  Refractometers are inexpensive, widely available, and very accurate.  Any model from 0-10 Brix to 0-32 Brix will work fine.
Close cover plate on refractometer and read scale...RECORD BRIX  Refractometers are inexpensive, widely available, and very accurate.  Any model from 0-10 Brix to 0-32 Brix will work fine.
Agitate mixture in test tube (cup) for 1 minute or 120 squeezes...  A key point is to avoid contamination by using CLEAN cups, flasks, and pipettes.  Don't get too hung up on the seconds of mixing.  I've found consistent results mixing from 30 seconds (50-60 squeezes) to a full minute (100-120) squeezes.
Put one drop of agitated mixture in well depressions C and F...  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
Wait 15 seconds and compare well depression F to ammonia nitrogen card...RECORD AMMONIA PPM  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.  Buy the inexpensive professional ammonia cards.  You'll be glad.
Drop four drops of nitrate nitrogen reagent into well depression C at 4 points of compass...  A WARNING! While the UES is harmless, the nitrate and ammonia reagents are dangerous and caustic.  BE VERY CAREFUL.  Wash the outside of the bottles as the acid sometimes smears onto the outside.  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
Put one drop of Bromthymol Blue pH reagent in well depressions A & D...  Although color printers will copy pH indicator cards, new ones only cost a couple of dollars and are a good investment to be sure of professional results.  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
Observe the pH colors forming in well depressions A & D. If either is on the acid side (below 6.40, yellowish) add one drop of Chlorphenol Red pH reagent to well depression next to it (B, E, or both if needed)...  Although color printers will copy pH indicator cards, new ones only cost a couple of dollars and are a good investment to be sure of professional results.  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
If pH colors in either A or D or both are on the alkaline side (above 6.40---bluish) add one drop of Phenol Red pH reagent to the well depression next to it (B, E or both if necessary)...  Although color printers will copy pH indicator cards, new ones only cost a couple of dollars and are a good investment to be sure of professional results.  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.
NOTE: if after adding Chlorphenol Red pH reagent to B and/or E, and it appears that the urine or saliva is very acid (less than 5.40), use locations G and/or H to add either one drop of urine and/or saliva and then one drop of Bromcresol Green pH reagent...  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.  Although color printers will copy pH indicator cards, new ones only cost a couple of dollars and are a good investment to be sure of professional results.
Read urine and saliva pH using appropriate card matched to reagent...RECORD SALIVA pH AND URINE pH  As suggested, please buy inexpensive professional pH cards for the best results.
Use conductivity (EC) meter to obtain µsiemens conductivity reading of urine and divide by 700...RECORD SALTS NUMBER  Cary Reams had to use some rather bulky equipment.  He would have loved the modern 2-drop meters that give wonderful accuracy. The 2-drop meters allow vastly easier testing on miniscule samples.
Compare well depression C with nitrate nitrogen card after 4-6 minutes...RECORD NITRATE NITROGEN PPM  It is VITAL to use CLEAN pipettes.  When you are through with your pocelain (or plastic) test plate you should wash it with distilled water and allow it to air-dry.  Drying cloths or paper towels can contaminate.  Do professional work with a professionally prepared nitrate card.
  • OPTIONAL: Many RBTI testers use well-calibrated electronic meters or pH tape for pH readings.  This is allowed, but the standard is to use liquid pH indicators.
  • RESOURCES: the author has obtained reliable equipment and supplies from Pike Agrilab.  Most of the RBTI teachers mentioned on the REAMS CHART also carry supplies.
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  • A SPECIAL NOTE: Those who have worked in laboratory settings know the value of refereed tests.  Although you can use the above directions to run tests, you should not assume valid results until you have cooperated with others in cross-referenced test procedures.  It is best to do your first tests in a group setting so that you can understand how errors so easily creep into seemingly proper procedures.  Alternatively, you can have an experienced tester observe your efforts and give you appropriate feedback.  You'll be surprised at how easy it is to obtain accurate and repeatable results with just a little experience.

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